Viviscal Hair Loss Products Test Results and Studies |
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Viviscal Scientific Hair Loss Product Study Number 1The Journal of International Medical Research 1992; 20: 445 - 453 A Comparative Study of a New Food Supplement, Viviscal, with Fish Extract for the Treatment of Hereditary Androgenic Alopecia in Young MalesA. LASSUS AND E. ESKELINEN Department for Dermatological Research, ARS-Medicina, Helsinki, Finland A controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study compared the effects of Viviscal (a new food supplement incorporating special marine extracts and a silica compound) with those of a fish extract in the treatment of young males with hereditary androgenic alopecia. The pretreatment histological diagnosis was alopecia with a mild to moderate perifollicular inflammation zone. The study consisted of 20 subjects who received two tablets of Viviscal once daily and 20 who received two tablets of fish extract once daily for 6 months. The mean patient age and mean duration and severity of baldness compared well between the two groups. Most patients had been treated with long-term topical 2% minoxidil for 1 year or more prior to the study. At baseline and after 6 months' treatment, a biopsy was taken for histological examination. A non-vellus hair count was performed at baseline and after 2, 4 and 6 months. In the fish extract treatment group three patients withdrew from the study before the fourth month due to lack of therapeutic effect. After 6 months' treatment, patients receiving Viviscal showed a mean increase in non-vellus hair of 38% compared with a 2% increase in the fish extract treatment group. In the Viviscal group, 19 (95%) subjects showed both clinical and histological cure, whereas none treated with fish extract showed any clinical or histological difference after 6 months' treatment. In both groups, a minimal decrease in the erythemal index was observed. In conclusion, Viviscal appears to be the first highly active treatment for androgenic alopecia in young males.
INTRODUCTION Hair growth is regulated by several factors(2-4) and the roles of innervation and vascularization have not been fully elucidated. Sex hormones play an important role in the growth, distribution and pigmentation of human hair. The varying effects of circulating androgens and the different types of human hair in various locations have led to the hypothesis that there are differences in the metabolism of hormones in follicular tissue. The conversion of testosterone to the more active dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in certain target cells depends upon the presence of the enzyme 5alpha -reductase(5,6). The DHT combines with a cytosol receptor to form a complex that enters the nucleus and joins with chromatin to initiate protein synthesis. The metabolism of androgens can be impaired either by decreased conversion of testosterone to DHT or by an inability of cells to accumulate DHT because of the absence of the cytosol receptor protein. The primary catabolic product of androgen metabolism in both growing and resting hair follicles is androstenedione(7) . The conversion of testosterone to androstenedione via 17beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase present in the cell occurs at 10 times the rate of the 5alpha- reductase system that yields DHT. The effects of androgens on sexual hair growth and scalp hair loss could be mediated through changes in intracellular concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. In terms of structure, there are three types of hair: vellus; terminal; and intermediate. Vellus hairs are short, fine, soft, usually non-pigmented and unmedullated, whereas terminal hairs are large, heavily pigmented and medullated, and intermediate hairs occur on the scalp and demonstrate a morphology between those of terminal and vellus hairs, i.e. they are medullated and contain a moderate amount of pigment. The balding process involves conversion of the follicles such that they produce vellus hairs rather than terminal hairs(8). Of the 100 000 - 150 000 scalp hairs on a human adult, 90% are in the growing or anagen phase, which lasts for 4 - 8 years. The remaining 10% are in the resting or telogen phase, which lasts for about 100 days. About 50 - 100 clubbed hairs are shed each day and this occurs regardless of sex, although there is considerable variability between individuals. Throughout history men have concocted various potions from animal, vegetable and mineral substances in an attempt to improve hair growth and at the present time hair transplants and scalp reductions are used to minimize visible alopecia. A hair transplant involves removal of hair from the back of the head and transplantation to the bald area. The large follicles removed from the back of the head remain normal in size after transplantation and continue to produce long, large hairs in the new area. Scalp reduction involves excision of the bald area and drawing together the remaining skin. This procedure can be combined with the management of skin flaps, whereby parts of the hairy scalp are surgically moved to the bald area. The results of such surgical procedures, however, are not always cosmetically acceptable. The alternative approach is the use of pharmaceutical preparations. Minoxidil, a piperidinopyrimidine derivative, is a potent peripheral vasodilator. Recent trials using topical minoxidil have shown that it has a stimulatory effect on hair regrowth in some individuals with either androgenic alopecia or alopecia areata(9-12). Several reports have recently demonstrated that certain proteins derived from marine fish have a stimulatory effect on hair growth in females(13-15). It was, therefore, of interest to develop a new compound containing a special mixture of an extract of marine origin with a silica compound and compare it with a fish extract that contains the same type of proteins. The study was carried out in a double-blind fashion for 6 months in young healthy males with androgenic alopecia. PATIENTS AND METHODS
STUDY DESIGN A punch biopsy specimen (5 mm) was obtained from the centre of the bald scalp both at baseline and after 6 months. The punch biopsy was subsequently used to locate the target area for hair counts. At the start of the study and at each subsequent visit, an erythemal index meter (Diastron Ltd, UK) was used to measure the erythemal index(17) at the centre of the bald area. In addition, patients were questioned about their observations regarding hair loss.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
RESULTS In the Viviscal treatment group all patients reported that there was no hair loss after 2 months' treatment, whereas in the fish extract group hair loss continued during the entire treatment period. There was significantly more regrowth of non-vellus hair throughout the treatment period in the Viviscal-treated patients compared with those treated with fish extract. Comparison of baseline bald area and after 6 months' treatment showed a marked improvement. The mean number of new non-vellus hairs was 472 (mean increase 38.1%) in the Viviscal treatment group and 26 (mean increase 2.1%) in the fish extract group; this difference was highly statistically significant. Patients' estimates of new hair growth were similar to those of the investigators. A non-significant decrease of the erythemal index was observed in both groups. The histological examination at baseline showed typical alopecia in all 40 patients, with mild to moderate perifollicular inflammation. After 6 months, alopecia could no longer be diagnosed in 19 of the 20 patients in the Viviscal-treated group. The remaining patient in the Viviscal treatment group (a 29-year old male) still had typical alopecia and moderate perifollicular inflammation and showed no increase in non-vellus hair. He had had androgenic alopecia for 9 years and, during that time, had been topically treated with 2% minoxidil for 18 months, with 20% tretinoin solution for 8 months and, additionally, had undergone two hair transplants, both of which failed. All 17 patients in the fish extract treatment group who completed the 6 months' course still had histologically verified alopecia with persistent perifollicular inflammation. No adverse reactions were observed by the investigators or were reported by the patients in either group. DISCUSSION The mechanism by which Viviscal works has not been elucidated, although in the present study the treatment has been shown to be highly effective. Previous studies have indicated that oral treatment with Vivida, a fish protein extract, resulted in improved hair growth in women being treated for photo-aged skin(13-15). The silica compound component of Viviscal may also be important and it is probable that several nutritional factors have a synergistic effect and improve the efficacy of the compound. There was a decrease, although not significant, in the erythemal index indicating that the mechanism of Viviscal may not depend on vasodilatation, which has been speculated to be an important factor regarding the mechanism of action of topical minoxidil. In conclusion, Viviscalseems to be effective in the treatment of androgenic alopecia in young males. The present study also suggests that the cartilaginous fish extract, which affects the condition and growth of hair in females, does not affect androgenic hair loss in young males. A further two studies in older males with a longer period of androgenic hair loss are in progress. REFERENCES
A. Lassus and A. Eskelinen Return To Clinical StudiesOur Price: $49.95 Per Box |
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